Over 7,000 Jewish businesses were damaged or destroyed, and 30,000 Jewish men were arrested and incarcerated in concentration camps.
Rioters destroyed 267 synagogues throughout Germany, Austria and the Sudetenland. Jewish homes, hospitals and schools were ransacked as attackers demolished buildings with sledgehammers. The pretext for the attacks was the assassination of the German diplomat Ernst vom Rath by Herschel Grynszpan, a 17-year-old German-born Polish Jew living in Paris.
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The name Kristallnacht (literally 'Crystal Night') comes from the shards of broken glass that littered the streets after the windows of Jewish-owned stores, buildings and synagogues were smashed. The German authorities looked on without intervening. Kristallnacht ( German pronunciation: ( listen)) or the Night of Broken Glass, also called the November pogrom(s) ( German: Novemberpogrome, pronounced ( listen)), was a pogrom against Jews carried out by the Nazi Party's Sturmabteilung (SA) paramilitary and Schutzstaffel (SS) paramilitary forces along with some participation from the Hitler Youth and German civilians throughout Nazi Germany on 9–10 November 1938. Sturmabteilung (SA) stormtroopers, Schutzstaffel (SS), Hitler Youth, German civiliansĪssassination of Ernst vom Rath, Antisemitism Pogrom, looting, arson, mass arrests, Homicide, Kidnapping
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